恒溫恒濕機工作原理

恒溫恒濕機工作原理
　　恒(heng)溫恒(heng)濕機(ji)由制(zhi)冷(leng)系統(tong)(tong)，加熱(re)系統(tong)(tong)，控制(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)，濕度系統(tong)(tong)，送(song)風循環系統(tong)(tong)，和(he)傳感器系統(tong)(tong)等組成，上述(shu)系統(tong)(tong)分屬電氣和(he)機(ji)械制(zhi)冷(leng)兩大方面。下面敘述(shu)幾個主要系統(tong)(tong)的工作原(yuan)理和(he)工作過程。

　　1.制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)：制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)是(shi)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)溫(wen)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)濕機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。一(yi)(yi)般來(lai)(lai)說(shuo)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)方(fang)式都(dou)是(shi)機(ji)(ji)械制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)以及輔助液氮(dan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)，機(ji)(ji)械制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)采用蒸(zheng)汽壓(ya)縮(suo)式制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)，它們主要由(you)壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)(ji)，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器(qi)，節流機(ji)(ji)構(gou)和(he)蒸(zheng)發(fa)器(qi)組成。如果我們試(shi)驗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度低(di)溫(wen)要達到(dao)-55℃，單級制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)難以滿足(zu)要求，因此恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)溫(wen)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)濕機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)方(fang)式一(yi)(yi)般采用復(fu)疊(die)式制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)。恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)溫(wen)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)濕機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)由(you)兩部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)組成，分(fen)(fen)(fen)別稱(cheng)為高溫(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)和(he)低(di)溫(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，每一(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)個相(xiang)對獨立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。高溫(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)中制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)劑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒸(zheng)發(fa)吸收(shou)來(lai)(lai)自低(di)溫(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)劑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)量而汽化；低(di)溫(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)劑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒸(zheng)發(fa)則從被冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對象（試(shi)驗機(ji)(ji)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)）吸熱(re)以獲(huo)取冷(leng)(leng)(leng)量。高溫(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)和(he)低(di)溫(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)間是(shi)用一(yi)(yi)個蒸(zheng)發(fa)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器(qi)聯系(xi)起來(lai)(lai)，它既是(shi)高溫(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器(qi)，也(ye)是(shi)低(di)溫(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器(qi)。

　　2.加熱系統：加熱系統相(xiang)對(dui)制冷系統而(er)言，是比較(jiao)(jiao)簡單。它主要(yao)(yao)有(you)大功率電阻絲組成，由于(yu)試驗(yan)要(yao)(yao)求的(de)升溫速(su)率較(jiao)(jiao)大，因此加熱系統功率都比較(jiao)(jiao)大，而(er)且在試驗(yan)機(ji)的(de)底板(ban)也設有(you)加熱器。

　　3.控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)：控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)是綜合試(shi)驗(yan)箱的核心，它決定(ding)了試(shi)驗(yan)機的升溫速率，精度(du)等重要指(zhi)標。試(shi)驗(yan)機的控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器大都采用PID控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)，也有少部(bu)分采用PID與模糊控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)相組合的控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)方(fang)式。由于(yu)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)基本上屬于(yu)軟件的范疇，而(er)且此部(bu)分在(zai)使(shi)用過(guo)程中(zhong)，一般不會出現(xian)問題。

　　4.濕(shi)度系統(tong)：溫度系統(tong)分為加濕(shi)和(he)除濕(shi)兩個子系統(tong)。

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